OK, a couple of things:
1. First, I believe this is your Mac model:
https://everymac.com/systems/apple/...5-2.9-13-early-2015-retina-display-specs.html
Correct?
2. Secondly, here is my Mac laptop model:
https://everymac.com/systems/apple/...book-air-core-i5-1.8-13-early-2015-specs.html
3. Third, for my laptop machine:
A. I am using the latest version of High Sierra, OS 10.13.2 (along with the recent patch for the Meltdown and Spectre Intel Chip flaws).
B. I am using a Logitech m325 mouse.
C. The keyboard, trackpad, and mouse are recognized. I actually do not use the Trackpad, but I am looking at its System preference, and there are a few options available to configure it. I also have the same options as you for configuring my mouse (if the Logitech Control Center software worked with my mouse, I would have quite a lot more options available. But I am fine). The keyboard "appears" to be recognized, and it works fine with the apps I use.
D. For my late 2012 Mac Mini, again running the latest version of High Sierra, and using a Logitech m525 mouse, things are similar. I use an Apple Extended Wired USB keyboard with it, and again it seems to be "recognized". Same with the m525 mouse.
Not sure why you are having issues. In just about all instances, my keyboards, mice, and trackpads work fine, no matter which Mac OS I install.
You mentioned that when you boot the machine into Linux, things are fine. What "drivers" were installed for Linux? Or are they part of the Linux OS?
Finally, please provide more details regarding your disk cleanup/maintenance/repair tasks, and specifically the software you use to help you with that. Also, do you do any disk cleanup on your own?