I don’t think any NVMe SSD enclosure will function with your mini anyway. They will require at least Thunderbolt 3. I have a couple of external NVMe SSDs each in the Acasis NVMe Thunderbolt 3/4 enclosure, and just out of curiosity, I connected one to the USB-C port on the front of the Mac Studio which is a 10 Gbps USB 3.2 gen 2 port, and it could not mount the drive.
If you can get a USB hub for your Thunderbolt 1 port, you might be able to achieve USB 3.0 and thereby connect a SATA enclosure for a 2.5" SATA solid state drive. I have a Crucial MX500 4TB SATA drive in an external enclosure and it works perfectly. What kind of speed can you expect for a typical SATA SSD? I did a few readings These are averages.
Toshiba X300 8TB hard drive: 228 MBps read / 161 MBps write
Crucial MX500 4TB SATA SSD: 396 MBps read / 361 MBps write
Western Digital SN850X NVMe SSD: 3,123 MBps read / 2,834 MBps write
I have been using SATA SSDs for a while now, started out using them in my MacPro5.1, and still use them today with my Max Studio. They get decent speeds. I’m planning on getting an 8TB Samsung 870 QVO SATA SSD next. It should make for a nice Time Machine drive for when you get your next Silicon Mac.